Indima ebalulekileyo yeRods yegraphite e-Electrolysis: Ukusebenza kakuhle, uzinzo, kunye nokubaluleka kwemizi-mveliso 

Kwiinkqubo ze-elektroniki zanamhlanje, iirods zegrafu zisebenza njengezixhobo ezingenakuphikwa, ngakumbi njengoko ii-elektroders kuzo zombini iindlela zelabhoratri kunye neenkqubo ze-electrolysis. I-electrolysis, esebenzisa umbane okwangoku ukuqhuba ukuphendula okungaguqukiyo kwiikhemikhali, ixhomekeke kakhulu kwintsebenzo yezixhobo ze-electrode. Phakathi kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzayo, ii-radite rods zivele njengee-elektrodes ze-electrolys ngenxa yeepropathi zabo ezikhethekileyo, ukulinganisa ukwenziwa kombane okuphezulu, uzinzo lwamachiza, kunye nokusebenza ngendleko.

Izibonelelo eziphambili zeRhafu yeRods kwi-electrolysis

I-1.Excepyal uqoqosho lombane

Ubume be-graphite ye-hexagonal ye-hexagonal ye-hexagonal ivumela ukuhamba kwe-elektroni egqwesileyo, ukunika amandla okuphumelela okuphezulu kombane. Oku kuququzelela ukuhamba okuzinzileyo kunye nokusebenza okusebenzayo ngokudlula kwi-electrolyte, ukuxhasa ukufuduka kwe-ion okuqhubekayo kwaye ke ukugcina impendulo yeReox esebenzayo. Le mpahla yenza i-elektroniki ilungele izicelo ezinje ngemveliso ye-chlorine, indalo ye-hydrogen, kunye nokucoca isinyithi.

I-2High Chemication Uzinzo phantsi kwe-Omolpheds elawulwayo

Ngelixa igraph nge-camict kwi-chemict kwimeko ezininzi ze-electrolysis, ngakumbi ekunciphiseni okanye kwi-InErt ye-Innert, inokuphakamisa amaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo phambi kweoksijini, ivelise i-co₂s. Ukuxhathisa kwayo kuhlaselo lweekhemidi ze-acids, ialkalis, kunye ne-molten, i-molten iqinisekisa ukonakaliswa komgangatho omncinci kunye nongcoliseko, ukugcinwa kwemveliso icocekile kwaye kwandise i-Wildenade.

3.Superuper thermal kunye nozinzo ngoomatshini

I-graphrite's fililing inqaku malunga ne-3652 ° C (phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-thamosmosfic) kunye nokunganyangeki kothuke ngeqondo lokuqhekeza ityuwa, njengenkqubo yokukhupha i-elektroniki (iholo-Hiéroult). Ngapha koko, ukubopha kwakhe i-anisotropic kubonelela ngokuqina koomatshini, ukunciphisa ukunxiba okanye ukuphatha, ngaloo ndlela bandisa ubomi be-electrode.

4.Umbono wokusebenzisa

Kwezinye iinkqubo ze-electrolysis, ukuveliswa kwe-aluminium, i-radite rods isebenza njenge-anodes ezinokusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngcembe ngexesha lokusebenza, kunyanzelisa ukuba kutshintshwe rhoqo. Olu phawu yinto ephambili yokusebenza echaphazela ukucwangciswa kwesondlo kunye nenkqubo yoqoqosho.

5.Cost isebenze kunye nokunganyamezelani

I-graphrite intabalala yendalo kunye neendleko eziphantsi zemveliso zibonelela izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo ngaphezulu kwe-electrods exabisekileyo ePlatinam okanye igolide. Oku kwenza ukuba i-picter rods i-rods i-elektrodeode yezinto ezikhethiweyo kwisikali selebhusayithi kwizityalo ezinkulu zeLebhu kumacandelo e-chlor-alkali kunye ne-intelligy.

Iindima ezisebenzayo kwiiseli ze-electrolysis

Ngeeseli ze-elektrolysis eziqhelekileyo, iirowu zegrafu zisebenza njenge:

I-1.cathodes (i-Electrodes engalunganga), apho kuncitshiswa umzekelo, ngexesha le-elektrolysis, i-hydrogen ye-hydrogen (H⁺) izuza i-elektroni ukwenza igesi ye-hydrogen:

2.2h⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂↑

3.Ane-Elenodes (electrodes), apho kuvela khona indawo ye-oxidation. Umzekelo, i-hydroxide i-ion (oh⁻) iphulukane nee-elektroni ukuba zivelise i-Olyen Je iGegesi:

4.4OH⁻ - 4e⁻ → O₂↑ + 2h₂O

Ukungaziphathi zekhemikhali kunye nokuphumelela kombane kwi-electrodes kuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-elektroniki ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okungafunekiyo zekhemikhali, ngaloo ndlela kugcina ukuphinda ube nokuthatha isigqibo kunye nengqibelelo ye-electrode.

Izicelo zemveliso kunye nezinto zentengiso

Igrafu elecliterodes ibaluleke kakhulu kumacandelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:

Imveliso ye-1.Cyelor-Alkali:I-electrolysis yesisombululo se-sodium pherride ukuvelisa i-chlorine, i-caustic soda (i-nauch), kunye ne-hydrogen, ixhomekeke kwigrafiti yama-egrafitha yokuqina kunye nokuphumelela.

2.Unuminum Smelting:I-Holo-Houses eSebenzayo ye-Hografite Ithambeka i-Anoded kwi-molten kwi-moltense i-electrolyze Aloumina, apho kufanelekileyo inkqubo yempembelelo isebenza ngqo nenkqubo yempembelelo.

I-3.GDDRANGRANNGERNGREN:Ngemfuno ekhulayo ye-hydrogen eluhlaza, i-elektroderrodes isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuzo zombini i-alkaline kunye ne-pem elektrolyzers.

Unyango lwamanzi:Igrafu elektrodes iququzelela iinkqubo ze-odvation eziphumelele kwi-odoli engcolisekileyo ngenxa yozinzo lwawo.

I-5enenergy:Ii-electrodes ezisekwe kwigrafu zifaka igalelo kwibhetri elandelayo yebhetri kunye neteknoloji ye-ofisi yenkcitho, nophando oluqhubekayo lokuphucula ukusebenza kwendlela yokuphucula intsebenzo.

Iindlela ezivelayo kunye nembono yexesha elizayo

Uphando luyaqhubeka nokuphonononga ukuhlolwa kwegrafu ngengubo yengubo, i-Decane Natos, i-carbon nanobs, ijolise ekuphuculeni ukunganyangeki kwe-elektroniki, kwaye kwandise ixesha lokuphila kwe-eleclid, kwaye kwandise ixesha lokuphila kwe-elektroniki. Njengoko ukugxininiswa kwehlabathi amandla kunye neenkqubo zekhemikhali zekhemikhali ziqinisa, i-electrodes ye-elektroniki iya kuhlala ilolo mbambano ngenxa yengqungquthela yazo engafaniyo.